5 ways businesses can assess health care benefits spending
5 ways businesses can assess health care benefits spending
If your business sponsors health care benefits for its employees, you know the costs of doing so are hardly stable. And unfortunately, the numbers tend to rise much more often than they fall. According to global consultancy Mercer’s Survey on Health & Benefit Strategies for 2026, 51% of large organizations surveyed said they’re likely to make plan design changes to shift more costs to employees next year — presumably in response to price increases.
Small to midsize companies face much the same dilemma. With costs widely anticipated to rise, should you cut benefits, increase the cost-sharing burden on employees or hold steady? There’s no way to know for sure until you assess your current health benefit costs. Here are five ways to ascertain whether you’re spending wisely:
1. Choose and calculate metrics. Business owners can apply analytics to just about everything these days, including health care coverage. For example, you might use benefits utilization rate to identify the percentage of employees who actively use their benefits. Low usage may indicate your benefits aren’t aligned with the particular needs of your workforce.
Another metric is cost per participant, which is generally calculated by dividing total health care spend by number of covered employees. The result can help you judge the efficiency of your budget and potentially allow you to identify cost-saving opportunities.
2. Audit medical claims payments and pharmacy benefits management services. Mistakes happen — and fraud is always a possibility. By regularly re-evaluating claims and pharmacy services, you can identify whether you’re losing money to inaccuracies or even wrongdoing. Your business may need to engage a third-party consultant for this purpose, though some companies might be able to leverage training and specialized software to conduct internal reviews.
3. Scrutinize your pharmacy benefits contract. As the old saying goes, “Everything is negotiable.” Conduct a benchmarking study to see how your business’s pharmacy benefits costs stack up to similarly sized and situated companies. If you believe there’s room for negotiation, ask your vendor for a better deal. Meanwhile, look around the marketplace for other providers. One of them may be able to make a more economical offer.
4. Interact with employees to compare cost to value. The ideal size and shape of your plan depend on the wants and needs of your workforce. Rather than relying on vendor-provided materials, actively manage communications with employees regarding the design of your health care plan and its costs. Determine which benefits are truly valued and which ones aren’t.
Ultimately, your goal is to measure the financial impacts of gaps between benefits offered and those employees actually use. Then, explore feasible ways to adjust your plan design to close these costly gaps.
5. Get input from professional advisors. Particularly for smaller businesses, internal knowledge of health care benefits may be limited. Don’t get locked into the idea that you and your leadership team must go it alone.
Consider engaging a qualified consultant to help you better understand the full range of health care benefits available to your company. Ask your attorney to review your plan for potential compliance violations, as well as to check your contracts for negotiable items. Last, keep our firm in mind. We can perform financial analyses, audit claims, and offer strategic guidance to optimize spending and improve plan efficiency.
Lower your self-employment tax bill by switching to an S corporation
Lower your self-employment tax bill by switching to an S corporation
If you own an unincorporated small business, you may be frustrated with high self-employment (SE) tax bills. One way to lower your SE tax liability is to convert your business to an S corporation.
SE tax basics
Sole proprietorship income, as well as partnership income that flows through to partners (except certain limited partners), is subject to SE tax. These rules also apply to single-member LLCs that are treated as sole proprietorships for federal tax purposes and multi-member LLCs that are treated as partnerships for federal tax purposes.
In 2025, the maximum federal SE tax rate of 15.3% hits the first $176,100 of net SE income. That includes 12.4% for the Social Security tax and 2.9% for the Medicare tax. Together, we’ll refer to them as federal employment taxes.
The rate drops after SE income hits $176,100 because the Social Security component goes away above the Social Security tax ceiling of $176,100 for 2025. But the Medicare tax continues to accrue at a 2.9% rate, and then increases to 3.8% at higher income levels because of the 0.9% additional Medicare tax. This 0.9% tax applies when wages and SE income exceed $200,000 for singles and heads of households, $250,000 for married couples filing jointly and $125,000 for married couples filing separately.
Tax reduction strategy
To lower your SE tax bill, consider converting your unincorporated small business into an S corp and then paying yourself (and any other shareholder-employees) a modest salary. Distribute most (or all) of the remaining corporate cash flow to the shareholder-employee(s) as federal-employment-tax-free distributions.
S corp taxable income passed through to a shareholder-employee and S corp cash distributions paid to a shareholder-employee aren’t subject to federal employment taxes. Only wages paid to shareholder-employees are subject to them. This favorable tax treatment places S corps in a potentially more favorable position than businesses conducted as sole proprietorships, partnerships or LLCs.
The caveats
However, this strategy isn’t right for every business. Here are some considerations:
1. Operating as an S corp and paying yourself a modest salary saves SE tax, but the salary must be reasonable. Otherwise, you run the risk of the IRS auditing your business and imposing back employment taxes, interest and penalties.
You can minimize that risk if you gather objective market evidence to demonstrate that outsiders could be hired to perform the same work for salaries equal to what you’re paying.
2. A potentially unfavorable side effect of paying modest salaries to an S corp shareholder-employee is that it can reduce your ability to make deductible contributions to tax-favored retirement accounts. If the S corp maintains a SEP or traditional profit-sharing plan, the maximum annual deductible contribution for each shareholder-employee is limited to 25% of his or her salary.
So, the lower the salary, the lower the maximum contribution. However, if the S corp sets up a 401(k) plan, paying modest salaries won’t preclude generous contributions.
3. Operating as an S corp requires extra administrative hassle. For example, you must file a separate federal return (and possibly a state return).
In addition, you must scrutinize transactions between S corps and shareholders for potential tax consequences, including any transfers of assets from an existing sole proprietorship or partnership to the new S corp. State-law corporation requirements, such as conducting board meetings and keeping minutes, must be respected.
Mechanics of converting
To convert an existing sole proprietorship or partnership to an S corp, a corporation must be formed under applicable state law, and business assets must be contributed to the new corporation. Then, an S election must be made for the new corporation by a separate form with the IRS by no later than March 15 of the calendar year, if you want the business to be treated as an S corp for that year.
Suppose you currently operate your business as a domestic LLC. In that case, it generally isn’t necessary to go through the legal step of incorporation to convert the LLC into an entity that will be treated as an S corp for federal tax purposes. The reason is because the IRS allows a single-member LLC or multi-member LLC that otherwise meets the S corp qualification rules to simply elect S corporation status by filing a form with the IRS. However, if you want your LLC to be treated as an S corp for the calendar year, you also must complete this paperwork by no later than March 15 of the year.
Weighing the upsides and downsides
Converting an existing unincorporated business into an S corp to reduce federal employment taxes can be a wise tax move under the right circumstances. That said, consult with us so we can examine all implications before making the switch.
5 potential tax breaks to know before moving a parent into a nursing home
5 potential tax breaks to know before moving a parent into a nursing home
Approximately 1.3 million Americans live in nursing homes, according to the National Center for Health Statistics. If you have a parent moving into one, taxes are probably not on your mind. But there may be tax implications. Here are five possible tax breaks.
1. Long-term medical care
The costs of qualified long-term care, including nursing home care, are deductible as medical expenses to the extent they, along with other medical expenses, exceed 7.5% of adjusted gross income (AGI).
Qualified long-term care services are necessary diagnostic, preventive, therapeutic, curing, treating, mitigating and rehabilitative services, and maintenance or personal-care services required by a chronically ill individual that are provided by a licensed healthcare practitioner.
To qualify as chronically ill, a physician or other licensed healthcare practitioner must certify an individual as unable to perform at least two activities of daily living (eating, toileting, transferring, bathing, dressing and continence) for at least 90 days due to a loss of functional capacity or severe cognitive impairment.
2. Nursing home payments
Amounts paid to a nursing home are deductible as medical expenses if a person is staying at the facility principally for medical, rather than custodial care. If a person isn’t in the nursing home principally to receive medical care, only the portion of the fee that’s allocable to actual medical care qualifies as a deductible expense. But if the individual is chronically ill, all qualified long-term care services, including maintenance or personal care services, are deductible.
If your parent qualifies as your dependent, you can include any medical expenses you incur for your parent along with your own when determining your medical deduction.
3. Long-term care insurance
Premiums paid for a qualified long-term care insurance contract are deductible as medical expenses (subject to limitations explained below) to the extent they, along with other medical expenses, exceed the percentage-of-AGI threshold. A qualified long-term care insurance contract covers only qualified long-term care services, doesn’t pay costs covered by Medicare, is guaranteed renewable and doesn’t have a cash surrender value.
Qualified long-term care premiums are includible as medical expenses up to certain amounts. For individuals over 60 but not over 70 years old, the 2025 limit on deductible long-term care insurance premiums is $4,810, and for those over 70, the 2025 limit is $6,020.
4. The sale of your parent’s home
If your parent sells his or her home, up to $250,000 of the gain from the sale may be tax-free. To qualify for the $250,000 exclusion ($500,000 if married), the seller must generally have owned and used the home for at least two years out of the five years before the sale. However, there’s an exception to the two-out-of-five-year use test if the seller becomes physically or mentally unable to care for him- or herself during the five-year period.
5. Head-of-household filing status
If you aren’t married and your parent meets certain dependency tests, you may qualify for head-of-household filing status, which has a higher standard deduction and, in some cases, lower tax rates than single filing status. You might be eligible to file as head of household even if the parent for whom you claim an exemption doesn’t live with you.
These are only some of the tax issues you may have to contend with when your parent moves into a nursing home. Contact us if you need more information or assistance.
Understanding your obligations: Does your business need to report employee health coverage?
Understanding your obligations: Does your business need to report employee health coverage?
Employee health coverage is a significant part of many companies’ benefits packages. However, the administrative responsibilities that accompany offering health insurance can be complex. One crucial aspect is understanding the reporting requirements of federal agencies such as the IRS. Does your business have to comply, and if so, what must you do? Here are some answers to questions you may have.
What is the number of employees before compliance is required?
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), enacted in 2010, introduced several employer responsibilities regarding health coverage. Certain employers with 50 or more full-time employees (called “applicable large employers” or ALEs) must use Forms 1094-C and 1095-C to report information about health coverage offers and enrollment for their employees.
Specifically, an ALE uses Form 1094-C to report each employee’s summary information and transmit Forms 1095-C to the IRS. A separate Form 1095-C is used to report information about each employee. In addition, Forms 1094-C and 1095-C are used to determine whether an employer owes payments under the employer shared responsibility provisions (sometimes referred to as the “employer mandate”).
Under the ACA mandate, an employer can be penalized if it doesn’t offer affordable minimum essential coverage that provides minimum value to substantially all full-time employees and their dependents. Form 1095-C is also used in determining employees’ eligibility for premium tax credits.
If an employer has fewer than 50 full-time employees, including full-time equivalent employees, on average during the prior year, the employer isn’t an ALE for the current year. That means the employer isn’t subject to the employer shared responsibility provisions or the information reporting requirements for the current year.
What information must be reported?
On Form 1095-C, ALEs must report the following for each employee who was a full-time employee for any month of the calendar year:
- The employee’s name, Social Security number (SSN) and address,
- The Employer Identification Number (EIN),
- An employer contact person’s name and phone number,
- A description of the offer of coverage (using a code provided in the instructions) and the months of coverage,
- Each full-time employee’s share of the coverage cost under the lowest-cost, minimum-value plan offered by the employer, by calendar month, and
- The applicable safe harbor (using one of the codes provided in the instructions) under the employer shared responsibility or employer mandate penalty.
What if we have a self-insured plan or a multi-employer plan?
If an ALE offers health coverage through a self-insured plan, the ALE must report additional information on Form 1095-C. For this purpose, a self-insured plan also includes one offering some enrollment options as insured arrangements and other options as self-insured.
Suppose an employer provides health coverage in another manner, such as through a multiemployer health plan. In that case, the insurance issuer or the plan sponsor making the coverage available will provide the information about health coverage to enrolled employees. An employer that provides employer-sponsored, self-insured health coverage but isn’t subject to the employer mandate isn’t required to file Forms 1094-C and 1095-C. Instead, the employer reports on Forms 1094-B and 1095-B for employees who enrolled in the employer-sponsored, self-insured health coverage.
On Form 1094-C, an employer can also indicate whether any eligibility certifications for relief from the employer mandate apply.
Be aware that these reporting requirements may be more complex if your business is a member of an aggregated ALE group or if the coverage is provided through a multiemployer plan.
What are the W-2 reporting requirements?
Employers also report certain information about health coverage on employees’ Forms W-2. But it’s not the same information as what’s reported on 1095-C. The information on either form doesn’t cause excludable employer-provided coverage to become taxable to employees. It’s for informational purposes only.
The above is a simplified explanation of the reporting requirements. Contact us with questions or for assistance in complying with the requirements.
Are you liable for two additional taxes on your income?
Are you liable for two additional taxes on your income?
Having a high income may mean you owe two extra taxes: the 3.8% net investment income tax (NIIT) and a 0.9% additional Medicare tax on wage and self-employment income. Let’s take a look at these taxes and what they could mean for you.
1. The NIIT
In addition to income tax, this tax applies on your net investment income. The NIIT only affects taxpayers with adjusted gross incomes (AGIs) exceeding $250,000 for joint filers, $200,000 for single taxpayers and heads of household, and $125,000 for married individuals filing separately.
If your AGI is above the threshold that applies ($250,000, $200,000 or $125,000), the NIIT applies to the lesser of 1) your net investment income for the tax year, or 2) the excess of your AGI for the tax year over your threshold amount.
The “net investment income” that’s subject to the NIIT consists of interest, dividends, annuities, royalties, rents and net gains from property sales. Wage income and income from an active trade or business aren’t included. However, passive business income is subject to the NIIT.
Income that’s exempt from income tax, such as tax-exempt bond interest, is likewise exempt from the NIIT. Thus, switching some taxable investments to tax-exempt bonds can reduce your exposure. Of course, this should be done after taking your income needs and investment considerations into account.
Does the NIIT apply to home sales? Yes, if the gain is high enough. Here’s how the rules work: If you sell your principal residence, you may be able to exclude up to $250,000 of gain ($500,000 for joint filers) when figuring your income tax. This excluded gain isn’t subject to the NIIT.
However, gain that exceeds the exclusion limit is subject to the tax. Gain from the sale of a vacation home or other second residence, which doesn’t qualify for the exclusion, is also subject to the NIIT.
Distributions from qualified retirement plans, such as pension plans and IRAs, aren’t subject to the NIIT. However, those distributions may push your AGI over the threshold that would cause other types of income to be subject to the tax.
2. The additional Medicare tax
In addition to the 1.45% Medicare tax that all wage earners pay, some high-wage earners pay an extra 0.9% Medicare tax on part of their wage income. The 0.9% tax applies to wages in excess of $250,000 for joint filers, $125,000 for married individuals filing separately and $200,000 for all others. It applies only to employees, not to employers.
Once an employee’s wages reach $200,000 for the year, the employer must begin withholding the additional 0.9% tax. However, this withholding may prove insufficient if the employee has additional wage income from another job or if the employee’s spouse also has wage income. To avoid that result, an employee may request extra income tax withholding by filing a new Form W-4 with the employer.
An extra 0.9% Medicare tax also applies to self-employment income for the tax year in excess of the same amounts for high-wage earners. This is in addition to the regular 2.9% Medicare tax on all self-employment income. The $250,000, $125,000, and $200,000 thresholds are reduced by the taxpayer’s wage income.
Mitigate the effect
As you can see, these two taxes may have a substantial effect on your tax bill. Contact us to discuss how the impact could be reduced.
Inflation enhances the 2023 amounts for Health Savings Accounts
The IRS recently released guidance providing the 2023 inflation-adjusted amounts for Health Savings Accounts (HSAs). High inflation rates will result in next year’s amounts being increased more than they have been in recent years.
HSA basics
An HSA is a trust created or organized exclusively for the purpose of paying the “qualified medical expenses” of an “account beneficiary.” An HSA can only be established for the benefit of an “eligible individual” who is covered under a “high deductible health plan.” In addition, a participant can’t be enrolled in Medicare or have other health coverage (exceptions include dental, vision, long-term care, accident and specific disease insurance).
A high deductible health plan (HDHP) is generally a plan with an annual deductible that isn’t less than $1,000 for self-only coverage and $2,000 for family coverage. In addition, the sum of the annual deductible and other annual out-of-pocket expenses required to be paid under the plan for covered benefits (but not for premiums) can’t exceed $5,000 for self-only coverage, and $10,000 for family coverage.
Within specified dollar limits, an above-the-line tax deduction is allowed for an individual’s contribution to an HSA. This annual contribution limitation and the annual deductible and out-of-pocket expenses under the tax code are adjusted annually for inflation.
Inflation adjustments for next year
In Revenue Procedure 2022-24, the IRS released the 2023 inflation-adjusted figures for contributions to HSAs, which are as follows:
Annual contribution limitation. For calendar year 2023, the annual contribution limitation for an individual with self-only coverage under an HDHP will be $3,850. For an individual with family coverage, the amount will be $7,750. This is up from $3,650 and $7,300, respectively, for 2022.
In addition, for both 2022 and 2023, there’s a $1,000 catch-up contribution amount for those who are age 55 and older at the end of the tax year.
High deductible health plan defined. For calendar year 2023, an HDHP will be a health plan with an annual deductible that isn’t less than $1,500 for self-only coverage or $3,000 for family coverage (these amounts are $1,400 and $2,800 for 2022). In addition, annual out-of-pocket expenses (deductibles, co-payments, and other amounts, but not premiums) won’t be able to exceed $7,500 for self-only coverage or $15,000 for family coverage (up from $7,050 and $14,100, respectively, for 2022).
Reap the rewards
There are a variety of benefits to HSAs. Contributions to the accounts are made on a pre-tax basis. The money can accumulate tax free year after year and can be withdrawn tax free to pay for a variety of medical expenses such as doctor visits, prescriptions, chiropractic care and premiums for long-term care insurance. In addition, an HSA is “portable.” It stays with an account holder if he or she changes employers or leaves the workforce. If you have questions about HSAs at your business, contact your employee benefits and tax advisors.
Factor in taxes if you’re relocating to another state in retirement
Are you considering a move to another state when you retire? Perhaps you want to relocate to an area where your loved ones live or where the weather is more pleasant. But while you’re thinking about how many square feet you’ll need in a retirement home, don’t forget to factor in state and local taxes. Establishing residency for state tax purposes may be more complicated than it initially appears to be.
What are all applicable taxes?
It may seem like a good option to simply move to a state with no personal income tax. But, to make a good decision, you must consider all taxes that can potentially apply to a state resident. In addition to income taxes, these may include property taxes, sales taxes and estate taxes.
If the state you’re considering has an income tax, look at what types of income it taxes. Some states, for example, don’t tax wages but do tax interest and dividends. And some states offer tax breaks for pension payments, retirement plan distributions and Social Security payments.
Is there a state estate tax?
The federal estate tax currently doesn’t apply to many people. For 2021, the federal estate tax exemption is $11.7 million ($23.4 million for a married couple). But some states levy estate tax with a much lower exemption and some states may also have an inheritance tax in addition to (or in lieu of) an estate tax.
How do you establish domicile?
If you make a permanent move to a new state and want to make sure you’re not taxed in the state you came from, it’s important to establish legal domicile in the new location. The definition of legal domicile varies from state to state. In general, domicile is your fixed and permanent home location and the place where you plan to return, even after periods of residing elsewhere.
When it comes to domicile, each state has its own rules. You don’t want to wind up in a worst-case scenario: Two states could claim you owe state income taxes if you establish domicile in the new state but don’t successfully terminate domicile in the old one. Additionally, if you die without clearly establishing domicile in just one state, both the old and new states may claim that your estate owes income taxes and any state estate tax.
The more time that elapses after you change states and the more steps you take to establish domicile in the new state, the harder it will be for your old state to claim that you’re still domiciled there for tax purposes. Some ways to help lock in domicile in a new state are to:
- Change your mailing address at the post office,
- Change your address on passports, insurance policies, will or living trust documents, and other important documents,
- Buy or lease a home in the new state and sell your home in the old state (or rent it out at market rates to an unrelated party),
- Register to vote, get a driver’s license and register your vehicle in the new state, and
- Open and use bank accounts in the new state and close accounts in the old one.
If an income tax return is required in the new state, file a resident return. File a nonresident return or no return (whichever is appropriate) in the old state. We can help file these returns.
Before deciding where you want to live in retirement, do some research and contact us. We can help you avoid unpleasant tax surprises.
© 2021
Would you like to establish a Health Savings Account for your small business?
With the increasing cost of employee health care benefits, your business may be interested in providing some of these benefits through an employer-sponsored Health Savings Account (HSA). For eligible individuals, an HSA offers a tax-advantaged way to set aside funds (or have their employers do so) to meet future medical needs. Here are the important tax benefits:
- Contributions that participants make to an HSA are deductible, within limits.
- Contributions that employers make aren’t taxed to participants.
- Earnings on the funds in an HSA aren’t taxed, so the money can accumulate tax free year after year.
- Distributions from HSAs to cover qualified medical expenses aren’t taxed.
- Employers don’t have to pay payroll taxes on HSA contributions made by employees through payroll deductions.
Eligibility rules
To be eligible for an HSA, an individual must be covered by a “high deductible health plan.” For 2021, a “high deductible health plan” is one with an annual deductible of at least $1,400 for self-only coverage, or at least $2,800 for family coverage. (These amounts will remain the same for 2022.) For self-only coverage, the 2021 limit on deductible contributions is $3,600 (increasing to $3,650 for 2022). For family coverage, the 2021 limit on deductible contributions is $7,200 (increasing to $7,300 for 2022). Additionally, annual out-of-pocket expenses required to be paid (other than for premiums) for covered benefits for 2021 cannot exceed $7,000 for self-only coverage or $14,000 for family coverage (increasing to $7,050 and $14,100, respectively, for 2022).
An individual (and the individual’s covered spouse, as well) who has reached age 55 before the close of the tax year (and is an eligible HSA contributor) may make additional “catch-up” contributions for 2021 and 2022 of up to $1,000.
Contributions from an employer
If an employer contributes to the HSA of an eligible individual, the employer’s contribution is treated as employer-provided coverage for medical expenses under an accident or health plan. It’s also excludable from an employee’s gross income up to the deduction limitation. Funds can be built up for years because there’s no “use-it-or-lose-it” provision. An employer that decides to make contributions on its employees’ behalf must generally make comparable contributions to the HSAs of all comparable participating employees for that calendar year. If the employer doesn’t make comparable contributions, the employer is subject to a 35% tax on the aggregate amount contributed by the employer to HSAs for that period.
Taking distributions
HSA distributions can be made to pay for qualified medical expenses, which generally means expenses that would qualify for the medical expense itemized deduction. Among these expenses are doctors’ visits, prescriptions, chiropractic care and premiums for long-term care insurance.
If funds are withdrawn from the HSA for other reasons, the withdrawal is taxable. Additionally, an extra 20% tax will apply to the withdrawal, unless it’s made after reaching age 65, or in the event of death or disability.
HSAs offer a flexible option for providing health care coverage and they may be an attractive benefit for your business. But the rules are somewhat complex. Contact Dukhon if you’d like to discuss offering HSAs to your employees.
© 2021
Is a Health Savings Account right for you?
Given the escalating cost of health care, there may be a more cost-effective way to pay for it. For eligible individuals, a Health Savings Account (HSA) offers a tax-favorable way to set aside funds (or have an employer do so) to meet future medical needs. Here are the main tax benefits:
- Contributions made to an HSA are deductible, within limits,
- Earnings on the funds in the HSA aren’t taxed,
- Contributions your employer makes aren’t taxed to you, and
- Distributions from the HSA to cover qualified medical expenses aren’t taxed.
Who’s eligible?
To be eligible for an HSA, you must be covered by a “high deductible health plan.” For 2021, a high deductible health plan is one with an annual deductible of at least $1,400 for self-only coverage, or at least $2,800 for family coverage. For self-only coverage, the 2021 limit on deductible contributions is $3,600. For family coverage, the 2021 limit on deductible contributions is $7,200. Additionally, annual out-of-pocket expenses required to be paid (other than for premiums) for covered benefits can’t exceed $7,000 for self-only coverage or $14,000 for family coverage.
An individual (and the individual’s covered spouse) who has reached age 55 before the close of the year (and is an eligible HSA contributor) may make additional “catch-up” contributions for 2021 of up to $1,000.
HSAs may be established by, or on behalf of, any eligible individual.
Deduction limits
You can deduct contributions to an HSA for the year up to the total of your monthly limitations for the months you were eligible. For 2021, the monthly limitation on deductible contributions for a person with self-only coverage is 1/12 of $3,600. For an individual with family coverage, the monthly limitation on deductible contributions is 1/12 of $7,200. Thus, deductible contributions aren’t limited by the amount of the annual deductible under the high deductible health plan.
Also, taxpayers who are eligible individuals during the last month of the tax year are treated as having been eligible individuals for the entire year for purposes of computing the annual HSA contribution.
However, if an individual is enrolled in Medicare, he or she is no longer eligible under the HSA rules and contributions to an HSA can no longer be made.
On a once-only basis, taxpayers can withdraw funds from an IRA, and transfer them tax-free to an HSA. The amount transferred can be up to the maximum deductible HSA contribution for the type of coverage (individual or family) in effect at the transfer time. The amount transferred is excluded from gross income and isn’t subject to the 10% early withdrawal penalty.
Distributions
HSA Distributions to cover an eligible individual’s qualified medical expenses, or those of his spouse or dependents, aren’t taxed. Qualified medical expenses for these purposes generally mean those that would qualify for the medical expense itemized deduction. If funds are withdrawn from the HSA for other reasons, the withdrawal is taxable. Additionally, an extra 20% tax will apply to the withdrawal, unless it’s made after reaching age 65 or in the event of death or disability.
As you can see, HSAs offer a very flexible option for providing health care coverage, but the rules are somewhat complex. Contact Dukhon Tax if you have questions.
© 2021
The IRS has announced 2022 amounts for Health Savings Accounts
The IRS recently released guidance providing the 2022 inflation-adjusted amounts for Health Savings Accounts (HSAs).
Fundamentals of HSAs
An HSA is a trust created or organized exclusively for the purpose of paying the “qualified medical expenses” of an “account beneficiary.” An HSA can only be established for the benefit of an “eligible individual” who is covered under a “high deductible health plan.” In addition, a participant can’t be enrolled in Medicare or have other health coverage (exceptions include dental, vision, long-term care, accident and specific disease insurance).
A high deductible health plan (HDHP) is generally a plan with an annual deductible that isn’t less than $1,000 for self-only coverage and $2,000 for family coverage. In addition, the sum of the annual deductible and other annual out-of-pocket expenses required to be paid under the plan for covered benefits (but not for premiums) can’t exceed $5,000 for self-only coverage, and $10,000 for family coverage.
Within specified dollar limits, an above-the-line tax deduction is allowed for an individual’s contribution to an HSA. This annual contribution limitation and the annual deductible and out-of-pocket expenses under the tax code are adjusted annually for inflation.
Inflation adjustments for next year
In Revenue Procedure 2021-25, the IRS released the 2022 inflation-adjusted figures for contributions to HSAs, which are as follows:
Annual contribution limitation. For calendar year 2022, the annual contribution limitation for an individual with self-only coverage under a HDHP will be $3,650. For an individual with family coverage, the amount will be $7,300. This is up from $3,600 and $7,200, respectively, for 2021.
High deductible health plan defined. For calendar year 2022, an HDHP will be a health plan with an annual deductible that isn’t less than $1,400 for self-only coverage or $2,800 for family coverage (these amounts are unchanged from 2021). In addition, annual out-of-pocket expenses (deductibles, co-payments, and other amounts, but not premiums) won’t be able to exceed $7,050 for self-only coverage or $14,100 for family coverage (up from $7,000 and $14,000, respectively, for 2021).
Many advantages
There are a variety of benefits to HSAs. Contributions to the accounts are made on a pre-tax basis. The money can accumulate tax free year after year and be can be withdrawn tax free to pay for a variety of medical expenses such as doctor visits, prescriptions, chiropractic care and premiums for long-term care insurance. In addition, an HSA is “portable.” It stays with an account holder if he or she changes employers or leaves the workforce. If you have questions about HSAs at your business, contact your employee benefits and tax advisors.
© 2021